Fundamentals

PSI vs GPM: Why Pressure Is Not Flow

Understand the difference between water pressure and flow rate before choosing a calculator.

PSI to GPM Editorial Team ·

PSI vs GPM: Why Pressure Is Not Flow featured image

Pressure and flow describe different properties of a water system. PSI measures pressure, while GPM measures volume moving per minute.

The missing system

The same pressure can produce dramatically different flow through a small nozzle, a long hose, or a large smooth pipe. Diameter, length, roughness, elevation, and restrictions determine how pressure becomes flow.

Choose the physical model

Use an orifice equation for a short outlet, a K-factor for a listed sprinkler, Cv for a valve, and a friction model for a pipe run. Field measurement remains the best check of the complete assembled system.